Theknoloji e sebelisoang ke Cuba ho ntlafatsa protheine-ente e thehiloeng khahlanong le COVID-19 e ka lebisa ho nts'etsopele ea liente khahlanong le mefuta e mecha e fetotsoeng ka mokhoa o batlang o le bonolo. Ea pele lefatšeng protheine liente tsa conjugate li entsoe ka ho sebelisa sebaka sa RBD (receptor binding domain) sebakeng sa spike. protheine, e ikarabellang bakeng sa ho kena ha kokoana-hloko liseleng tsa motho. Ntle le melemo e meng e kang botsitso ho 2-8 ° C, theknoloji e netefalitsoeng hantle, tsena protheineliente tse thehiloeng ho tsona li ka etsoa habonolo ho etsa liente tse ncha khahlanong le mefuta e fetotsoeng ka ho hlahisa li-RBD tse fetotsoeng. Li-RBD tsena tse fetotsoeng li ka sebelisoa e le bakuli ba ente e khethehileng bakeng sa mefuta e kotsing e kholo joalo ka e sa tsoa tsejoa, e bitsoang Omicron le mefuta efe kapa efe e ka bang teng ea vaerase ea SARS-CoV-2.
Tlokotsi e bakiloeng ke COVID-19 lefats'eng ka bophara, e lebisitseng ho batho ba fetang limilione tse 5 ba shoang le linyeoe tse fetang limilione tse 26, e khothalelitse bafuputsi le balaoli ba taolo ho hlahisa ente ea ts'ebeliso ea tšohanyetso ho sireletsa batho. Palo ea DNA e thehiloeng (Covishield, Sputnik V joalo-joalo) le mRNA e thehiloe (ka Pfizer 'me Moderna) li fuoe batho ho hlokomoloha litlamorao tsa lefu la COVID-19. Ente e thehiloeng holim'a ts'ebeliso ea vaerase eohle e fokolisitsoeng (Covaxin/Sinovac) le eona e amohetsoe le ho romelloa linaheng tse fapaneng lefats'eng ka bophara. Tšebeliso ea liprotheine Le / kapa protheine sub-units ke mokhoa o mong oa ho etsa liente ka ho hlahisa motsoako o mong protheine 'meleng ho etsa hore sesole sa 'mele se arabele1. The protheine e ka kopanngoa le polysaccharide kapa protheine e 'ngoe e tsoang ho sebōpuoa se sa amaneng e le ho matlafatsa karabelo ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung. Monyetla oa liente tse thehiloeng ho protheine le protheine ke hore theknoloji e thehiloe hantle ebile e netefalitsoe, e tsitsitse ho 2-8.° C, ho ba sieo ha DNA ea kokoana-hloko e phelang kapa RNA, ka hona ha ho kotsi ea ho baka mafu 'me e loketse batho ba nang le mekhoa ea ho itšireletsa mafung. Leha ho le joalo, liente tse thehiloeng ho protheine li baka feela karabelo ea li-antibody tse ka 'nang tsa fokola ka linako tse ling, ka hona, li-adjuvants le li-booster doses li ka hlokoa ho eketsa ts'ebetso ea tsona.
Sehloohong sena, re hlalosa tsoelo-pele ea Soberana 02 le Abdala, lefats'e la pele protheine liente tsa conjugate tse entsoeng ke Cuba. Ka bobeli liente li ne li sebetsa ho feta 90% ka mor'a litekanyetso tse tharo2. Ente ea Soberana 02 e na le recombinant RBD (domain binding domain) ea protheine ea spike ea vaerase ea SARS-CoV-2 e kopantsoeng le tetanus toxoid.3. RBD e hlahisitsoe liseleng tsa mammale4. Litekanyetso tse peli tsa Soberana 02 li ne li bolokehile 'me li fihletse katleho ea 71% ho batho ba baholo ba lilemo tse 19-80, ha tsamaiso ea karolo ea boraro e ekelitse katleho ho 92.4%.3. Leha ho le joalo, tekanyetso ea boraro e ne e le ente ea heterologous e bitsoang Soberana Plus e neng e e-na le RBD dimer feela. Ente e bontšitse immunogenicity e phahameng, nts'etsopele ea li-antibodies tsa RBD tse fokotsang 'mele le ho hlahisa karabo e khethehileng ea lisele tsa T. Tabeng ea ente ea Abdala, RBD e hlahisitsoe ka tomoso (Pichia pastoris) mme ente ena e tsamaisoa ka tsela ea intra-nasal.4. Ho sebetsa hantle ha ente ea Abdala kamora litekanyetso tse tharo ke 92.8%. Liente tsena ke liente tsa pele tsa lefats'e tse kopantsoeng 'me li bontšitsoe li sebetsa khahlano le mofuta oa delta.
The protheine liente tse thehiloeng ho subunit li bonts'a ts'episo e kholo ea nts'etsopele ea liente tsa kamoso khahlano le mefuta e fetotsoeng haholo ea COVID-19, joalo ka Omicron, e tlalehiloeng matsatsi a 'maloa morao ho tloha Afrika Boroa. Omicron e na le liphetoho tse 15 sebakeng sa RBD sa kokoana-hloko ea spike, tse 2 tsa tsona li tloaelehile ho mofuta oa Delta. Ho ipapisitsoe le liphetoho tse teng ho RBD ea mofuta oa Omicron, protheine e kopantsoeng e ka hlahisoa ka mokhoa o nepahetseng sebakeng se loketseng mme sethunya se secha sa ente se ka lokisoa ka mor'a libeke tse 'maloa bakeng sa tumello le tšebeliso ea tšohanyetso.
Likhamphani tse kang Pfizer5, ba entseng ente ea mRNA ba ntse ba nahana ho qala teko eo ho eona ente ea boraro (booster) ea ente ea eona ea mRNA e tla tsamaisoa hammoho le mokhethoa oa eona oa 20-valent pneumococcal vaccine (20vPnC), molemong oa ho matlafatsa karabelo ea antibody khahlano le COVID- 19.
Theknoloji e sebelisoang ke Cuba ho nts'etsapele liente tse thehiloeng ho protheine khahlano le COVID-19 e ka lebisa ho nts'etsopele ea liente khahlanong le mefuta e mecha e fetotsoeng ea vaerase ea SARS-CoV-2 ka tsela e bonolo.
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References:
- GAVI 2021. Liente tsa protheine subunit ke eng, hona li ka sebelisoa joang khahlano le COVID-19? E fumaneha ho https://www.gavi.org/vaccineswork/what-are-protein subunit-vaccines-and-how-could-they-be-used-against-covid-19
- Reardon S., 2021. Ho becha ha Cuba ho liente tsa batho ba hōlileng lapeng tsa COVID hoa lefa. Tlhaho. Litaba. E phatlalalitsoe ka la 22 Pulungoana 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-03470-x
- Toledo-Romani M., 2021. Ho sebetsa hantle le polokeho ea SOBERANA 02, ente ea conjugate ea COVID-19 e kopantsoeng le heterologous ea litekanyetso tse tharo. Khatiso ea pele medRxiv. E phatlalalitsoe ka la 06 Pulungoana 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.10.31.21265703
- Yaffe H (31 Hlakubele 2021). "Liente tse hlano tsa COVID-19 tsa Cuba: pale e felletseng ea Soberana 01/02/Plus, Abdala, le Mambisa". LSE Latin America le Caribbean blog. E khutlisitsoe ka la 31 Hlakubele 2021.
- Pfizer 2021. News – Pfizer e qala boithuto ba ho hlahloba tsamaiso e kopanetsweng ya 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine mmoho le tekanyetso ya boraro ya ente ya pfizer-biontech covid-19 ho batho ba baholo. E ngotsoe 24 May 2021. E fumaneha ho https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/pfizer-initiates-study-exploring-coadministration-its-20
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