Morero oa thylacine de-extinction o phatlalalitsoeng ka 2022 o fihletse mehato e mecha tlhahisong ea mofuta oa khale oa mofuta oa khale, editing ea marsupial genome le theknoloji e ncha e thusang ea ho ikatisa (ARTs) bakeng sa li-marsupial. Tsena advancemeNts e ke ke ea tšehetsa feela tsoho ea linkoe tsa Tasmania (tse seng li felile ho tloha ka 1936 ka lebaka la ho senngoa ha batho) empa hape li tla thusa ho baballa mefuta e kotsing ea ho timela. Ho tsosoa le ho khutlisetsoa ha li-thylacine sebakeng sa habo sa Tasmania ho tla tsosolosa ts'ebetso e phetseng hantle ea tikoloho ea lehae. Bokhoni bo sa tsoa fumanoa bo tla thusa ho boloka mefuta e kotsing ea ho fela.
Thylacine genome e sa tsoa tsosolosoa, e bolelele ba li-bases tse ka bang limilione tse likete tse 3, ke genome ea boholo-holo e feletseng le e kopanang ho feta mefuta efe kapa efe ho fihlela joale. E kopantsoe ho ea boemong ba li-chromosome 'me ho hakanngoa hore e nepahetse> 99.9%. E kenyelletsa likarolo tse pheta-phetoang tseo ho leng thata ho li kopanya tse kang centromeres le telomeres, tseo ho leng thata ho li etsa hape le bakeng sa mefuta e phelang. Genome e na le likheo tse 45 feela, tse tla koaloa ke boiteko bo eketsehileng ba tatellano likhoeling tse tlang.
Mefuta e mengata ea boholo-holo e boloka tatellano e khutšoane ea DNA e nang le RNA e nyane kapa e se nang letho, ka lebaka la ho senyeha ka mor'a lefu la sephedi. Genome e ncha ea thylacine e ikhethile ka mokhoa o sa tloaelehang oa ho boloka tatellano e telele ea DNA le RNA. RNA e senyeha ka potlako, kahoo ho boloka RNA ha ho fumanehe lisampoleng tsa histori. Tabeng ena, sehlopha sa lipatlisiso se atlehile ho arola limolek'hule tse telele tsa RNA ho tloha liseleng tse bonolo tse bolokiloeng ho tloha sampuli ea lilemo tse 110. Sena se bohlokoa hobane tlhahiso ea RNA e fapana ka har'a lisele, ka hona ho ba teng ha li-RNA liseleng ho fana ka mohopolo oa liphatsa tsa lefutso tse hlokahalang bakeng sa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea lisele. Lera le lecha la RNA le etsa hore genome ea thylacine e hahiloeng ho tsoa ho DNA e be le thuso ho feta ho timela.
Ka mor'a ho tsosolosa genome ea thylacine, mohato o latelang o utloahalang e ne e le ho khetholla liphatsa tsa lefutso tse itšetlehileng ka tšobotsi ea mantlha ea thylacine ea mohlahare o ikhethang le morphology ea lehata. Bakeng sa ho fumana sena, sehlopha sa lipatlisiso se ile sa bapisa liphatsa tsa lefutso tse tsoang ho li-thylacine le liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa liphiri le lintja tse nang le libopeho tse tšoanang tsa craniofacial le libaka tse khethiloeng tsa genome tse bitsoang "Thylacine Wolf Accelerated Regions" (TWARs) tseo hamorao li ileng tsa fumanoa li tsamaisa phetoho ea lehata ho liphoofolo tse anyesang. .
Ka mor'a tiisetso ea hore li-TWAR li ikarabella bakeng sa morphology ea craniofacial, sehlopha sa lipatlisiso se entse liphetoho tse tšoanang tsa lefutso tse fetang 300 ka liseleng tsa dunnart ea fat-tailed, e leng setho se haufi sa thylacine le ho ba moemeli oa kamoso oa mahe a thylacine.
Se latelang ke ntshetsopele ya ditheknoloji tse thuswang tsa ho ikatisa (ARTs) bakeng sa mefuta ya dunnart e tla ba thylacine e nkelang sebaka. Pele ho projeke ea ho timela ha thylacine, ho ne ho batla ho se na ART bakeng sa mofuta ofe kapa ofe oa marsupial. Hona joale reserach e thehile theknoloji ea bohlokoa ea ho etsa hore mahe a mangata a laolehe ka nako e le 'ngoe ka dunnart. Mahe a ka sebelisoa ho theha mahe a macha ho amohela liphatsa tsa lefutso tse hlophisitsoeng tsa thylacine. Bafuputsi ba ile ba boela ba khona ho nka mahe a emolisitsoeng a sele e le 'ngoe a emolisitsoeng le ho a hōlisa nakong ea halofo ea ho ima ka sesebelisoa sa maiketsetso sa popelo. Bokhoni bo bocha ba ART bo ka sebelisoa ho pholletsa le lelapa la marsupial bakeng sa ho timela ha thylacine hammoho le ho ntlafatsa matla a ho ikatisa a mefuta e kotsing ea ho fela.
Ho tsosoa le ho khutlisetsoa ha li-thylacine sebakeng sa tlhaho sa Tasmania ho tla tsosolosa ts'ebetso e phetseng hantle ea tikoloho ea lehae. Bokhoni bo sa tsoa fumanoa bo tla thusa ho baballa mefuta e kotsing ea ho fela.
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References:
- Univesithi ea Melbourne 2024. Litaba - Mehato e mecha e thusa ho rarolla mathata a ho timela. E ngotsoe 17 October 2024. E fumaneha ho https://www.unimelb.edu.au/newsroom/news/2024/october/new-milestones-help-drive-solutions-to-extinction-crisis
- Thylacine Integrated Genomic Restoration Research Lab (TIGRR Lab) https://tigrrlab.science.unimelb.edu.au/the-thylacine/ 'me https://tigrrlab.science.unimelb.edu.au/research/
- Thylacine https://colossal.com/thylacine/
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Lihlooho tse amanang
Thylacine e timetseng (nkoe ea Tasmanian) e tla Tsosoa (18 August 202)
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