Lingoliloeng tsena tse khutšoane li hlalosa hore na biocatalysis ke eng, bohlokoa ba eona le kamoo e ka sebelisoang molemong oa moloko oa batho le tikoloho.
Sepheo sa sengoloa sena se sekhuts'oanyane ke ho hlokomelisa 'mali ka bohlokoa ba biocatalysis le hore na e ka sebelisoa joang molemong oa moloko oa batho. tikoloho e khahlang. Biocatalysis e bua ka tšebeliso ea lintho tse phelang, e ka ba li-enzyme kapa lintho tse phelang ho susumetsa tšebetso ea lik'hemik'hale. Li-enzyme tse sebelisoang li ka ba ka mokhoa o ikhethileng kapa tsa hlahisoa ka har'a ntho e phelang ha 'mele o sebelisoa ho susumetsa karabelo e joalo. Molemo oa ho sebelisa li-enzyme le lintho tse phelang ke hore li tobile haholo 'me ha li fane ka lihlahisoa tse sa amaneng tse hlokometsoeng ha ho sebelisoa lik'hemik'hale ho etsa liketso tse joalo. Molemo o mong ke oa hore li-enzyme le lintho tse phelang li sebetsa maemong a seng boima haholo 'me li na le botsoalle ba tikoloho ho fapana le lik'hemik'hale tse sebelisoang bakeng sa liphetoho tse joalo.
Mokhoa oa ho susumetsa karabelo ka li-enzyme le lintho tse phelang o tsejoa e le biotransformation. Liphetoho tse joalo tsa biotransformation ha li hlahe feela ka hare ho 'mele oa motho (sebete ke setho se ratoang; moo cytochrome P450s e sebelisetsoang ho fetolela xenobiotics ho metsi metsoako e qhibilihang e ka ntšoang 'meleng), empa hape e ka sebelisoa ex vivo ho sebelisa li-enzyme tsa microbial ho etsa liketso tse molemo ho batho.
Ho na le mekhoa e mengata e teng moo biocatalysis1 le karabelo ea biotransformation e ka sebelisoa molemong oa batho le tikoloho. Sebaka se seng se joalo se fanang ka tumello ea ho sebelisa theknoloji e joalo ke tlhahiso ea polasetiki lintho tse bonahalang, ekaba tsa mekotla ea ho etsa thepa, makotikoti, libotlolo kapa lijana (lits'ilo) tse joalo, joalo ka ha li entsoe ka lik'hemik'hale dipolasetiki li beha tšokelo e kholo tikolohong ea mefuta-futa ea lihloliloeng 'me ha li senyehe. Li bokellana tikolohong 'me ha li khone ho li tlosa habonolo. Tšebeliso ea li-enzyme le lintho tse phelang ho hlahisa likokoana-hloko, dipolasetiki tse ka senyehang habonolo le ho se be kotsi tikolohong li ka thusa haholo eseng feela ho fokotsa litšila tsa polasetiki tse entsoeng ka lik’hemik’hale empa hape le ho thusa ho boloka tikoloho le ho thibela limela le liphoofolo tsa rōna hore li se ke tsa fela. Lijana tse ka senyehang tse entsoeng ka thepa ea bioplastic li ka sebelisoa liindastering tse 'maloa tse kang indasteri ea temo, liphutheloana tsa lijo, lino le meriana.
Kajeno ho na le mefuta e fapaneng ea mahlale a ho hlahisa bioplastic2-4. Tse ling li netefalitsoe ka laboratoring ha tse ling li ntse li le mothating oa bongoana. Bafuputsi lefatšeng ka bophara ba sebetsana le mahlale a joalo ho etsa hore a be le litšenyehelo5 le scalable e le hore li ka nkeloa holimo ho hlahisa bioplastic sebakeng sa indasteri. Li-bioplastic tsena qetellong li ka nkela sebaka se entsoeng ka lik'hemik'hale dipolasetiki.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29198/scieu1901
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Mohloli (s)
1. Pedersen JN et al. 2019. Mekhoa ea liphatsa tsa lefutso le ea lik'hemik'hale bakeng sa boenjiniere ba tefiso ea holim'a li-enzyme le ho sebetsa ha tsona ho biocatalysis: Tlhahlobo. Biotechnol Bioeng. https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.26979
2. Fai Tsang Y et al. 2019. Tlhahiso ea bioplastic ka valorization ea litšila tsa lijo. Environment International. 127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.076
3. Costa SS et al. 2019. Microalgae e le mohloli oa polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) - Tlhahlobo. Int J Biol Macromol. 131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.099
4. Johnston B le ba bang. 2018. The Microbial Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates from Waste Polystyrene Fragments A fumanweng Ho Sebelisa Oxidative Degradation. Li-polymers (Basel). 10(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/polym10090957
5. Poulopoulou N et al. 2019. Ho Hlahlobisisa Li-Bioplastics tsa Boenjiniere ba Mehla e Tlang: Poly(alkylene furanoate)/Poly(alkylene terephthalate) (PAF/PAT) Metsoako. Li-polymers (Basel). 11(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11030556
TLHOKOMELANG MOHAPI
Rajeev Soni PhD (Cambridge)
Dr Rajeev Soni o na le PhD ho Molecular Biology ho tsoa Univesithing ea Cambridge moo e neng e le Cambridge Nehru le setsebi sa Schlumberger. Ke setsebi se nang le boiphihlelo ba biotech mme o bile le likarolo tse 'maloa tse phahameng lithutong le indastering.
Maikutlo le maikutlo a hlahisoang li-blogs ke a sengoli feela le bafani ba bang, haeba ba teng.
